Pedagogy in Artificial Intelligence: Optimizing Chatbots in the Learning of Indonesian Language and Literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59923/expertnet.v2i1.222Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, Learning, PedagogyAbstract
The influence of technology has impacted many aspects, including education, thus this acculturation needs to be carefully considered by educators in its implementation to ensure it aligns with the true direction of education. The purpose of this study is to review the optimal teaching art of the pedagogical nature of Indonesian language and literature learning by utilizing Artificial Intelligence-based chatbots. This research uses a systematic literature review model from accredited articles within the last five (5) years on the raised issue. The results of this study indicate that the AI and chatbots' ability to understand relatively natural language can be utilized as one of the instruments in Indonesian language and literature learning. A teacher must be able to embrace dimensions by being directly involved in content learning, cognitive engagement, encouraging proper and effective interaction and dialogue with chatbots, as well as providing feedback and support. Additionally, by considering both the positive and negative impacts of utilizing AI, teachers are also required to become professionals with skills in teacher training when using AI in learning. This signifies that the existence of teachers still holds educational value, even though with AI, it only serves as a supplementary teacher whose existence cannot replace the position of the original wise educator.
References
Adiguzel, T., Kaya, M. H., & Cansu, F. K. (2023). Revolutionizing education with AI: Exploring the transformative potential of ChatGPT. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13152
Ahyar, A., & Fitriati, I. (2024). Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Technology as a Learning Means for Students at SMAN 2 Monta Bima. Expertnet: Exploration Journal of Technological Education Trends, 1(1), 14–23. https://doi.org/10.59923/expertnet.v1i1.121
Akbar, A., Fitriati, I., Ahyar, A., Suhada, S., & Hakim, A. R. (2025). Development of the bitales application to improve students’ local wisdom-based digital literacy. Jurnal Inovasi Dan Teknologi Pembelajaran, 12(1), 32–43. https://doi.org/10.17977/um031v12i12025p032
Akhter, S., Ahmad, M. R., Chibb, M., Zai, A. F., & Yaqoob, M. (2024). Artificial Intelligence in the 21st Century: Opportunities, Risks and Ethical Imperatives. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 30(5), 4600–4605. https://doi.org/10.53555/kuey.v30i5.3125
Awad, P., & Oueida, S. (2024). The Potential Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Education: Opportunities and Challenges. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 920 LNNS(4), 566–575. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53963-3_39
Bearman, M., & Ajjawi, R. (2023). Learning to work with the black box: Pedagogy for a world with artificial intelligence. British Journal of Educational Technology, 54(5), 1160–1173. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13337
Bulathwela, S., Pérez-Ortiz, M., Holloway, C., Cukurova, M., & Shawe-Taylor, J. (2024). Artificial Intelligence Alone Will Not Democratise Education: On Educational Inequality, Techno-Solutionism and Inclusive Tools. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020781
Cathrin, S., & Wikandaru, R. (2023). The future of character education in the era of artificial intelligence. Humanika, 23(1), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.21831/hum.v23i1.59741
Cukurova, M. (2024). The Interplay of Learning, Analytics, and Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Vision for Hybrid Intelligence. Article in British Journal of Educational Technology. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13514
Cukurova, M., Kralj, L., Hertz, B., & Saltidou, E. (2024). Professional Development for Teachers in the Age of AI. In European Schoolnet.
Erbas, I., & Maksuti, E. (2024). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Education. International Journal of Innovative Research in Multidisciplinary Education, 03(04), 463–471. https://doi.org/10.58806/ijirme.2024.v3i4n01
Foundation, W. F. (2023). Generative AI in The Classroom: From Hype to Reality. 1–23.
Giannakos, M., Azevedo, R., Brusilovsky, P., Cukurova, M., Dimitriadis, Y., Hernandez-Leo, D., Järvelä, S., Mavrikis, M., & Rienties, B. (2024). The promise and challenges of generative AI in education. Behaviour and Information Technology, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2024.2394886
Gillani, N., Eynon, R., Chiabaut, C., & Finkel, K. (2023). Unpacking the “Black Box” of AI in Education. Educational Technology and Society, 26(1), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.30191/ETS.202301_26(1).0008
Gocen, A., & Aydemir, F. (2020). Artificial Intelligence in Education and Schools. Research on Education and Media, 12(1), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.2478/rem-2020-0003
Grassini, S. (2023). Shaping the Future of Education: Exploring the Potential and Consequences of AI and ChatGPT in Educational Settings. Education Sciences, 13(7).
Güneyli, A., Burgul, N. S., Dericioğlu, S., Cenkova, N., Becan, S., Şimşek, Ş. E., & Güneralp, H. (2024). Exploring Teacher Awareness of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Case Study from Northern Cyprus. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 14(8), 2358–2376. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14080156
Hansen, E. B., & Bøgh, S. (2022). Artificial intelligence and machine learning. The Future of Smart Production for SMEs: A Methodological and Practical Approach Towards Digitalization in SMEs, 050031(October), 323–326. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15428-7_27
Hikmat, H. (2022). The Readiness of Education in Indonesia in Facing The Society Era 5.0. Jurnal Basicedu, 6(2), 2953–2961. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v6i2.2526
Holmes, W., Maya, B., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial Intelligence In Education Promises and Implications for Teaching. In Journal of Computer Assisted Learning (Vol. 14, Issue 4).
Jadhav, R. (2023). Artificial intelligence and education. Artificial Intelligence for Business: An Implementation Guide Containing Practical and Industry-Specific Case Studies, 281–293. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003358411-17
Kamalov, F., Santandreu Calonge, D., & Gurrib, I. (2023). New Era of Artificial Intelligence in Education: Towards a Sustainable Multifaceted Revolution. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(16), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612451
Li, H., & Wang, H. (2020). Research on the application of artificial intelligence in education. 15th International Conference on Computer Science and Education, ICCSE 2020, 12(8), 589–591. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSE49874.2020.9201743
Luckin, R., Cukurova, M., Kent, C., & du Boulay, B. (2022). Empowering educators to be AI-ready. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 3, 100076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100076
Luckin, R., Rudolph, J., Grünert, M., & Tan, S. (2024). Exploring the future of learning and the relationship between human intelligence and AI. An interview with Professor Rose Luckin. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 7(1), 346–363. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2024.7.1.27
Mohamed M. Ghoneim Sywelem, D. (2024). Artificial Intelligence and the Sustainability of Educational Services: An Overview. World Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 10(1), 8–17. https://doi.org/10.12691/wjssh-10-1-2
Muhammad Tahir, Farha Deeba Hassan, & Mudasir Rahim Shagoo. (2024). Role of artificial intelligence in education: A conceptual review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 22(1), 1469–1475. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.22.1.1217
Ng, D. T. K., Leung, J. K. L., Chu, S. K. W., & Qiao, M. S. (2021). Conceptualizing AI literacy: An exploratory review. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100041. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100041
Rane, N. L. (2024). Education 4.0 and 5.0: integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) for personalized and adaptive learning. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, 1(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.61577/jaiar.2024.100006
Rawas, S. (2024). AI: the future of humanity. Discover Artificial Intelligence, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-024-00118-3
Stolpe, K., & Hallström, J. (2024). Artificial intelligence literacy for technology education. Computers and Education Open, 6(November 2023), 100159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100159
Viberg, O., Cukurova, M., Feldman-Maggor, Y., Alexandron, G., Shirai, S., Kanemune, S., Wasson, B., Tømte, C., Spikol, D., Milrad, M., Coelho, R., & Kizilcec, R. F. (2023). What Explains Teachers’ Trust of AI in Education across Six Countries?
Webb, M. (2024). AI in tertiary education. JISC Reports, April 2021.
Wen, Q., Liang, J., Sierra, C., Luckin, R., Tong, R., Liu, Z., Cui, P., & Tang, J. (2024). AI for Education (AI4EDU): Advancing Personalized Education with LLM and Adaptive Learning. Proceedings of the ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 6743–6744. https://doi.org/10.1145/3637528.3671498
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Diah Octavia Kusuma Wardani, Gani Patindra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright in each article belongs to the author
- The author acknowledges that the Expertnet: Exploration Journal of Technological Education Trends is the first publisher to publish with a license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors can enter writing separately, arrange the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (eg sent to the author's institutional repository, publication in a book, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Expertnet: Exploration Journal of Technological Education Trends;
